What are perfumes made of? Eau de parfum is a fragrance obtained from a mixture of aromatic notes diluted in alcohol. The best alcohol for perfume making is ethyl alcohol at 70 or 90°, which may or may not be denatured. Denatured alcohol is a preparation rendered unfit for consumption by the addition of other substances, which tends to alter its taste and smell. Undenatured alcohol, on the other hand, contains olfactory notes that may be of interest in the design of eau de parfum. In addition, some natural perfumes contain alcohol derived from the fermentation of sugars present in certain fruits and vegetables, such as beet.
In addition to alcohol, eau de parfum contains between 8% and 20% fragrance ingredients. These may be essential oils, plant absolutes or chemically synthesized fragrances. The composition of an eau de parfum includes 3 aromatic notes (olfactory pyramid):
● The top note, the first to be smelled, with a light, volatile scent. It's typically fruity, like citrus fruits.
● The heart note, which characterizes the eau de parfum and lingers on the skin. It can be floral, fruity, or spicy.
● The base note, generally a “heavier” scent such as woody notes, which ensures an eau de parfum's staying power.