The usage guidelines for astaxanthin.

Theastaxanthin is a natural pigment of orange-red colour. It belongs to the family of carotenoids, specifically xanthophylls. It is ubiquitous in nature, particularly in the marine environment. Responsible for the colouration of certain seafood, it is found in crustaceans, such as krill, lobsters and shrimps. It is also present in certain fish, including mackerel, trout, cod and salmon. However, the main source of natural astaxanthin is a freshwater microalgae called Haematococcus pluvialis.

Astaxanthin is a favoured active ingredient in topical treatments due to its antioxidant action. It is capable of trapping free radicals and protecting cells from oxidative stress. It has a proven action against singlet oxygen. This latter is a free radical, the source of the harmful effects of UV rays on the skin. By trapping it along with other free radicals, astaxanthin protects the skin from premature ageing.

Furthermore, astaxanthin is capable of stimulating the production of collagen, a protein responsible for skin elasticity, by increasing the level of TIMP-1 inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases. As a result, the skin is protected from wrinkles and fine lines, regains its elasticity and its ability to regenerate the tissues of the epidermis. It is used in topical treatments to protect the skin from oxidation and prevent skin ageing.

Astaxanthin can also be utilised to reduce inflammation of the scalp or skin during skin diseases. It decreases the levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and pro-inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the activity of IκB kinase.

Astaxanthin is a natural pigment that can be obtained through diet. However, to ensure the full benefits of its multiple effects on the skin, it is recommended to use it as a topical treatment or dietary supplement. Before choosing the galenic form of astaxanthin, it is important to ensure:

• Its origin.

  The astaxanthin used in skincare products should be of natural origin. In order to benefit from a treatment without side effects, astaxanthin derived from the micro-algaeHaematococcus pluvialisis recommended. Indeed, a study published in 2013 showed that the antioxidant activity of natural astaxanthin was 14 times higher than that of synthetic astaxanthin.

• Its manufacturing process.

  We advise you to favour astaxanthin extracted through the supercritical CO2 extraction process. This method allows us to obtain an active ingredient without the use of nonpolar solvents, keeping it as natural as possible.

• Its dosage.

  In its form as a dietary supplement, clinical studies have revealed that astaxanthin improves the texture, appearance, and moisture content of the skin. To benefit from its antioxidant properties, it is recommended to start with a dose of 4 mg per day. Its proportion in a skincare product is calculated to not cause any form of allergy. To date, there are no proven adverse effects from overdosing on topical astaxanthin. However, it is advised to stop using it in case of allergy, irritation, or inflammation.