Photobiomodulation: The Power of LED Light on the Skin

Having been in existence for over thirty years, photobiomodulation is a method derived from phototherapy and inspired by laser technology. This technique utilises LEDs.It can also be referred to by the term photomodulation.

The principle of photobiomodulation involves exposing the skin to non-ionising artificial cold light of the LED type. Photobiomodulation utilises differentwavelengths of the visible and near-infrared spectrum. This technique is painless and without side effects; it triggers a deep stimulation of the skin cells.

Sharing similarities with plant photosynthesis, photobiomodulation is a biochemical reaction that light triggers at the level of skin cells. When these cells perceive light, the mitochondria they contain are stimulated and produce Adenosine Tri Phosphate, or ATP. This substance is necessary for optimising cellular renewal.

The various wavelengths used in photobiomodulation allow for targeting the different layers of the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissues precisely. This method thus enables action on general cellular regeneration or on more specific skin problems such as acne.

Generally, photobiomodulation is a practice whose benefits are primarily focused on cell regeneration. When cellular renewal is optimal, the skin is oxygenated and hydrated. You may notice a restructuring and improvement of the skin surface. By increasing the sessions of exposure to different wavelengths, cell regeneration operates up to the deep skin layers.

Furthermore, photobiomodulation promotes the healing of skin lesions by stimulating collagen production. It also reduces the production of molecules responsible for inflammation. Photobiomodulation can be used to decrease oxidative stress, inflammation, and associated pain.

Various colours of light, corresponding to different wavelengths, can be used in photobiomodulation.

• The blue light (wavelength of approximately 470 nm) focuses on the epidermis. It is known for its benefits against acne and its bactericidal action. It also helps to calm inflammations.

• The green light (wavelength of 527 nm) diminishes pigmented spots and evens out the complexion.

• The yellow light (wavelength of 590 nm) reduces redness and boosts healing. It penetrates to the dermis and can also be effective against alopecia due to its ability to stimulate microcirculation.

• The orange light (wavelength of approximately 615 nm) is used to promote collagen production, enhance the action of fibroblasts, and treat stretch marks as well as alopecia.

• The red light (wavelength of approximately 640 nm) penetrates deeply into the dermis. It enhances its ability to produce elastin and collagen fibres, which are essential for skin firmness. It plays a crucial role in skin tightening.

• Invisible to the naked eye, the infrared light (wavelengths greater than 880 nm) affects the hydration level, inhibits lipogenesis, and stimulates the production of collagen and elastin. It can also be used to treat alopecia and certain stretch marks.

  
  

They are very rare. Only individuals with epilepsy and/or a history of skin cancer should refrain from using this practice if LEDs are used in pulsed light mode. Pregnant women can practice photobiomodulation, but with a certain level of caution. As a precautionary measure, the eyes should be covered during a session.

Furthermore, all phototypes are accepted and this procedure can be carried out in any season. Exposure to the sun's UV rays is not prohibited during treatment.

Please note, a slight and fleeting sensation of warmth may be felt after a session. There is no cause for concern, simply use a good moisturiser a few hours afterwards.

• LEAH PRINZIVALLI AND REBECCA DANCER, What Is LED Light Therapy and How Can It Benefit Skin? Dermatologists break down everything you need to know about this high-tech treatment, (2022)