Fungal infection or nail psoriasis?

Nail fungus, also known as onychomycosis, is an infection caused by fungi. These most commonly attack the toenails, but they can also develop on the fingernails.

The fungi that cause mycosis are composed of several microorganisms capable of multiplying rapidly. Dermatophytes are responsible for the majority of onychomycosis cases. Particularly the Trichophyton rubrum is the dermatophyte most commonly associated with onychomycosis. It can also cause other fungal skin infections. The fungi responsible for nail mycosis begin their parasitism by first invading the spaces between the toes, known as interdigital spaces, then progress towards the sole of the foot and finally reach the nail itself.

There are also conditions that promote their proliferation such as humidity, the presence of lesions, or perspiration. Nail fungus must be addressed at the first signs of infection to prevent it from worsening over time. Moreover, this condition is contagious. The management of onychomycosis involves applying an antifungal product daily to the area where it develops.

Nail psoriasis is relatively straightforward to diagnose as it is often associated with skin plaques. However, in the absence of these, it can be mistaken for nail fungus, given the numerous similarities between these conditions. Indeed, both diseases alter the appearance of the nail. Nevertheless, the fungus can be distinguished from psoriasis by the fact that it makes the nail brittle and yellow. Psoriasis, on the other hand, causes the appearance of small pits on the nail surface or pinkish spots. Often, the doctor will conduct a mycological sample to confirm the diagnosis. Moreover, it is possible to be affected by both nail fungus and nail psoriasis. Indeed, sensitised nails are more susceptible to fungal attacks.