Huile essentielle d'arbre à thé contre l'eczéma ?

Is tea tree essential oil effective in treating eczema?

The essential oil of tea tree (also known as melaleuca) is recognised for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a useful product for treating the symptoms of eczema.

What is eczema?

Eczema is an inflammation of the skin that manifests itself through the formation of itchy red patches on the skin.

There isn't just one, but several types of eczema. The most common is theatopic eczema or atopic dermatitis. This is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. This dermatosis is caused by a genetic predisposition towards atopy. Atopic eczema mainly affects young children and usually disappears by adolescence. However, it can persist into adulthood.

Note :Atopy refers to an individual's tendency to develop anallergic reactionto normal environmental elements (animal hair, dust, pollen...), which do not cause any problem for the rest of the population.

Individuals affected suffer from extremely dry skin (referred to as xerosis) and from intense itching. Chronic lesions may occur due to scratching. Moreover, scratching can lead to a bacterial infection by Staphylococcus aureus.

Activity of tea tree essential oil against eczema.

Tea tree essential oil is regarded as the best essential oil for eczema. Its healing qualities have been studied over the years. According to theInternational Journal of Dermatology, it possesses antiviral and antibacterial properties as well as healing capabilities.

For instance, researchers observed in a 2004 animal study, the effects of a cream containing 10% tea tree essential oil on dogs suffering from eczema. The dogs treated with the tea tree essential oil cream for 10 days experienced significantly less itching than the dogs treated with a commercial care cream without this ingredient. They also found relief more quickly.

Furthermore, a study published in the journal Clinical and Experimental Dermatology in 2016 evaluated the effectiveness of tea tree essential oil in treating atopic eczema in adults. The results showed that the use of tea tree essential oil led to a significant improvement in skin condition and a reduction in eczema symptoms.

What is its mode of action?

The anti-inflammatory properties of tea tree essential oil are attributed to the presence of terpinen-4-ol (between 30 and 48%) and γ-terpinene. These components reduce inflammation by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Therefore, when applied to skin affected by eczema, tea tree essential oil can help to reduce inflammation and combat the microorganisms responsible for the infection, which can alleviate the symptoms of eczema.

How to use tea tree essential oil against eczema?

You should never apply undiluted tea tree oil to the skin. Tea tree oil is always drying when used on its own. Undiluted tea tree oil is potent and can exacerbate your eczema. Therefore, always dilute this essential oil in a high-quality vegetable oil. High-quality oils are less likely to be contaminated by other ingredients. Here are a few things you should keep in mind during your search:

  • If possible, opt for an organic oil.

  • Ensure that the oil you purchase is 100% pure.

  • Always conduct research on the brand to ensure that it is reputable.

Some bottles of tea tree oil may indicate its terpinene concentration. Terpinene is the primary antiseptic agent in tea tree oil. To derive the maximum benefits, choose a product with a terpinene concentration between 10 and 40%.

Next, mix the essential oil with the carrier oil (for example olive oil, coconut oil, sunflower oil, jojoba oil, almond oil, avocado oil). Adhere to the following proportions: 12 drops of carrier oil for 1 to 2 drops of tea tree essential oil.

Always perform a patch test. Apply a coin-sized amount of the diluted oil on your forearm. If you experience no irritation within 24 hours, you can safely apply it elsewhere.

This mixture can be applied topically to any part of the body prone to eczema, however, it is important to avoid using it near the eyes.

Sources:

  • RILEY T. V. & others. Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil: A review of antimicrobial and other medicinal properties. Clinical Microbiology Reviews (2006).

  • SHENEFELT P. D. Herbal treatment for dermatological disorders.Herbal medicine: Biomolecular and clinical aspects, 2nd edition (2011).

  • WALLENGREN J. Tea tree oil reduces experimental contact dermatitis. Archives of DermatologicalResearch (2011).

  • KAZEROUNI A. et al. A review of applications of tea tree oil in dermatology. International Journal of Dermatology (2013).

  • BABY K. E. & al. Therapeutic potential of tea tree oil for scabies. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (2016).

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