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Profile: Rosacea.

Definition: The most common form of rosacea is a chronic dermatological condition that affects the small blood vessels of the face. It is characterised by temporary (erythema) or permanent (erythrosis) redness, associated with the development on the skin's surface of small, fine, red or purple blood vessels that become visible to the naked eye (telangiectasias). This form is also accompanied by repeated sensations of heat, and the skin may appear dry with flaking. Couperose, as it is known, results from an overreactivity of the facial blood vessels, which dilate excessively. This skin disease frequently affects individuals with fair complexions, light eyes and hair.

Internal and external causes: Genetic heritage, significant presence of a skin mite (Demodex folliculorum) and certain bacteria, anomaly in the vascularisation.

How to reduce or eliminate: Consult a dermatologist who will prescribe treatments suitable for the situation (depending on the stage of the disease and the intensity of the symptoms): brimonidine (topical application gel), electrocoagulation, laser treatment (KTP laser, pulsed dye laser and Nd: Yag laser); consume a chilled beverage to alleviate vasomotor flushes.

Preventative steps to take: Avoid engaging in sports that require intense physical exertion; limit the consumption of spicy foods, alcohol, hot drinks, etc...; avoid saunas, steam rooms and hot baths; protect yourself effectively from the sun by applying a broad-spectrum sunscreen daily; minimise sun exposure; protect your face well from the cold and wind during winter; use lukewarm water when cleansing the face; regularly apply a moisturising cream with a fluid texture; use an alcohol-free cleansing lotion such as micellar water; avoid grainy exfoliants; adopt a simple cosmetic routine with fragrance-free, alcohol-free and corticosteroid-free products that can dry out the skin; cleanse your face without scrubbing; avoid the use of powders and oily foundations.