The heavy legs are characterised by a sensation of pain in the lower limbs, particularly in the calves. These become tense and are sensitive to fatigue. These discomforting sensations tend to increase throughout the day and are exacerbated by heat, prolonged standing, wearing overly tight clothing, or the approach of menstruation for some women. Conversely, regular physical activity, cold, and regular massage sessions can reduce the sensation of heavy legs.
The natural cause of heavy legs is venous insufficiency, that is to say, poor venous return. Unlike arteries, the wall of the veins lacks muscle fibres. Therefore, the circulating blood needs assistance to counteract gravity and return to the heart. The pressure from the soles of the feet and the contraction of the calf muscles usually facilitate this return. However, when the veins lose elasticity or the valves, which prevent the blood from flowing backwards, become less efficient, microcirculation slows down. The blood then stagnates in the lower limbs, leading to cramps, tingling and itching. The causes of venous insufficiency are numerous: age, overweight, sedentary lifestyle, heredity...
Another consequence of the phenomenon of heavy legs is a swelling of the feet and ankles, referred to as oedema. When it is not too advanced, it can naturally subside and deflate during the night. Walking, elevating the legs or wearing compression stockings can promote its disappearance.