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White wavy lines texture on a surface

Profile: Keloid

Definition: A smooth, benign, firm, flesh-coloured or red skin outgrowth that forms in an area of previous skin injury and can extend beyond the initial site of trauma. Lesions can develop as early as 1 to 3 months or up to a year after the injury. It results from an aberrant proliferation of scar tissue, due to an overproduction of collagen (20 times higher than that of healthy skin) by hyperactive fibroblasts.
Internal and external causes: Genetic Component (AHNAK gene).
How to reduce or eliminate: The treatment of keloids is challenging, where the scar tissue can regrow, sometimes more significantly than before after removal. Application of a moisturising oil; intake of intralesional or topical steroids; cryotherapy; surgical excision; radiotherapy; laser therapy.
Preventative steps to take: Avoid piercings, unnecessary surgical procedures, and tattoos in predisposed individuals; use of silicone gel or a haemostatic pad after an injury.